Zambia 170 Kilometers from Capital Lusaka.

The deposit for copper is located in rural area in Mumbwa northeast at grid reference 14o51’30.0” -14o50’30.0” south 027o05’54” – 027o07’6.0” North. The deposit is in topographic sheet 1427 SW (Fig. 1). The Plot covers 4 km2.

The deposit is located in a relatively flat area and over 1272 m a.m.s.l. the elevation is around 1254 m a.m.s.l. at 0511476 E 8358002 N.

The area is accessed through the Mumbwa road. A gravel road from this road leads to the 11465-HQ-SML 18 km NE from the Mumbwa Post Office.

Cu-Ore Vein The copper mineralisation in study area is primarily an IOCG type, characterised by the presence of iron oxide-Copper-Gold (IOCG) deposits. It is hydrothermal origin where veins disseminations are genetically asssociated with I type magmatism. The deposit is characterised by more than 20% iron hydroxide. The copper mineralisation in the area, occurs mainly as carbonate and oxide ore on the surface showing malachite, chalcocite Cu2S (copper glance, redruthite), cuprite Cu2O (chalcontrichite), chrysocolla (CuSiO23.2H2O or (CuAl)2H2Si2O5(OH)4) and azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2) with minor amounts of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), bornite (CuFeS2), arsenopyrite (FeAsS) and iron oxide. Limonite (FeO(OH)•nH2O) is present in major mount. The Copper chrome (local name) is mainly chalcocite (Cu2S) and is observed in Pit No. 1 and 2 within the mineralised zone as rich segregations and veins within the carbonate rock and adjoining the phyllitic rock which has a strike (mainly limonite) length of 50 m, average width extending below up to 30 m depth (as intersected in Drill Hole 3, and 13). It is generally found associated with malachite/azurite and chalcocite. From field observations it is seen that the copper mineralization area, is of three types - 1) as encrustations of malachite/azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2), 2) hydroxidized ferruginized cuprite ore in the top soil and 3) High grade copper chrome ore (chalcocite, and iron occurring as limonite). The malachite/chrysocolla/chalcocite/azurite ore occurs as distinct bands on the surface associated with metasiltstone/carbonate sequence while the oxidized ferruginized cuprite ore occurs as lumps, rarely as rich segregations and impersistent bands. The grey copper chrome ore is generally found as rich segregations associated with carbonate/quartz veins and also carries malachite encrustations. It is normally associated with malachite (Fig. 9, 10)/azurite (Fig. 11, 12) zone and rarely seen as boulders in the Pit 2 and Pit 1. The copper ore in the area occur in three forms viz; 1. Lumpy ore 2. Fragile ore and 3. Dusty ore. Primary Sulphide Mineralisation The primary sulphides mainly comprise chalcopyrite (CuFeS2 - copper sulphide) chalcocite (Cu2S), pyrite (Fe2S), pyrrhotite (Fe1-xS or Fe7S8-FeS or Fe9S10), arsenopyrite (FeAsS) with minor specks of bornite CuFeS2 noticed within the sulphide assemblage. The sulphides have been intersected in three of the bore hole viz: BH-5, 10 and 13 drilled. At times unaltered primary sulphide grains are also noticed within the highly oxidised chalcocite ore. The zone of mineralisation is highly sheared and brecciated and sulphides occurs mainly as fracture fillings and sometimes as fine disseminations along foliation planes and segregations within the quartz-carbonate-limonite host rock. Two deeper bore holes BH-5, and 10 ich zone of primary sulphide mineralisation at a depth of around 65.00 to 70. 00 m. From this intersection, it is inferred that below the oxide copper ore, we are likely to encounter sulphide zone comprising mainly chalcopyrite, covellite CuS, pyrite and pyrhottite.

The area is underlain by Kundelungu rocks overlain by Recent alluvium (Fig. 2). Kundelungu rocks includes brown-beige limestone (marble), grey limestone, siltstone, phyllite and grey shale. There are variable with calcite and dolomite content of the rocks. The bedded siltstone grading into phyllite is in the footwall. The Cu-ore is in the vein. The hanging-wall is composed of grey fine grained shale. The vein is composed of chalcocite, siderite, limonite, chrysocolla and cuprite in the topmost layer above 50m and the bottom layer below 50 m is predominantly composed of sulphides including chalcopyrite, bornite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite. The Garmin 60x was used for positioning system. The coordinates were recorded in UTM and Geographic System.

The area was explored in the 1950's by the Britishers and is certified by Mineral Occurance number by the Geological survey of Zambia and has a mention in the Memoir 6 of Zambia

This is a ready to operate mine with all clearances and permits from the permit. All mining equipment require to mine is ready and at the mine site.